1. What is the Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI)?

The Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) is a simple, non-invasive test used to assess peripheral arterial disease (PAD) by comparing the blood pressure in the ankle with the blood pressure in the arm.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the ABI formula:

Where:

• Ankle Pressure — Systolic blood pressure measured at the ankle (mmHg)
• Arm Pressure — Systolic blood pressure measured at the arm (mmHg)

Explanation: The ratio compares the blood flow to the lower extremities with the blood flow to the upper extremities, helping to identify potential arterial blockages.

3. Importance of ABI Calculation

Details: ABI is a crucial screening tool for peripheral arterial disease. It helps in early detection of PAD, assessing disease severity, and monitoring treatment effectiveness.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter both ankle and arm pressures in mmHg. Both values must be valid positive numbers. The calculator will compute the ABI ratio automatically.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is a normal ABI value?
A: A normal ABI ranges from 0.9 to 1.3. Values below 0.9 suggest peripheral arterial disease, while values above 1.3 may indicate arterial stiffness.

Q2: How is ABI measured clinically?
A: Clinically, ABI is measured using a blood pressure cuff and a Doppler ultrasound device to detect blood flow in both ankles and arms.

Q3: When should ABI testing be performed?
A: ABI testing is recommended for individuals with symptoms of PAD, diabetes, smoking history, or other cardiovascular risk factors.

Q4: Are there limitations to ABI measurement?
A: ABI may be less accurate in patients with diabetes, renal disease, or heavily calcified arteries which can cause falsely elevated readings.

Q5: What do different ABI values indicate?
A: Values 0.91-1.30: normal; 0.71-0.90: mild PAD; 0.41-0.70: moderate PAD; ≤0.40: severe PAD.