1. What is the Dilution Equation?

The dilution equation (C1V1 = C2V2) is a fundamental formula in chemistry used to calculate the concentration of a solution after dilution. It expresses the relationship between initial and final concentrations and volumes when a solution is diluted.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the dilution equation:

Where:

• \( C1 \) — Initial concentration (M or %)
• \( V1 \) — Initial volume (L or mL)
• \( V2 \) — Final volume (L or mL)
• \( C2 \) — Final concentration (M or %)

Explanation: The equation is based on the principle that the amount of solute remains constant before and after dilution, allowing calculation of the new concentration when volume changes.

3. Importance of Dilution Calculations

Details: Dilution calculations are essential in laboratory work, pharmaceutical preparations, chemical manufacturing, and various scientific applications where precise concentration adjustments are required.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter initial concentration in M or %, initial volume in L or mL, and final volume in L or mL. All values must be positive numbers. Ensure consistent units throughout the calculation.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Can I use different units for volume?
A: Yes, as long as both volume measurements use the same units (both in liters or both in milliliters).

Q2: What if I need to calculate a different variable?
A: The equation can be rearranged to solve for any variable: C1 = (C2 × V2)/V1, V1 = (C2 × V2)/C1, or V2 = (C1 × V1)/C2.

Q3: Does this work for percentage concentrations?
A: Yes, the equation works for any concentration units as long as they are consistent (both in M or both in %).

Q4: What are common applications of this calculation?
A: Preparing standard solutions, diluting stock solutions, adjusting concentration for experiments, and pharmaceutical compounding.

Q5: Are there limitations to this equation?
A: The equation assumes ideal dilution behavior and may not account for volume changes due to mixing or non-ideal solution properties in some cases.