1. What is the Dilution Formula?

The dilution formula \( C_2 = C_1 \times \frac{V_1}{V_2} \) calculates the final concentration after dilution. It's based on the principle that the amount of solute remains constant during dilution, only the volume changes.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the dilution formula:

Where:

• \( C_1 \) — Initial concentration (M or %)
• \( V_1 \) — Initial volume (L or mL)
• \( V_2 \) — Final volume (L or mL)
• \( C_2 \) — Final concentration (M or %)

Explanation: The formula maintains the conservation of mass principle, where the product of concentration and volume before dilution equals that after dilution.

3. Importance of Concentration Conversion

Details: Accurate concentration conversion is essential in laboratory work, pharmaceutical preparations, chemical manufacturing, and various scientific experiments where precise dilution is required.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter initial concentration in M or %, initial volume and final volume in L or mL. All values must be positive numbers. Ensure consistent units throughout the calculation.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Can I use different units for volume?
A: Yes, but both volume measurements must use the same units (both L or both mL) for accurate results.

Q2: What if my final volume is less than initial volume?
A: This would represent concentration, not dilution. The formula still works mathematically but may not represent a physical dilution process.

Q3: How accurate is this calculation?
A: The calculation is mathematically precise. Accuracy depends on the precision of your input measurements.

Q4: Can this be used for percentage concentrations?
A: Yes, the formula works for any concentration units as long as they're consistent (both M or both %).

Q5: What about serial dilutions?
A: For serial dilutions, you would need to apply this formula sequentially for each dilution step.